One of the larger South American river turtles, the Yellow-spotted river turtle can grow up to 45 cm long and weighing up to 8 kg. This species can be recognized by its black or brown oval carapace (shell) with distinctive low keels on the second and third scutes. Yellow spots on the side of its head give this species its common name. These spots are most prominent in juveniles. Females can be up to twice the size of males.
Podocnemis unifilis is a type of side-necked turtle, so called because they do not pull their heads directly into their shell, but rather fold it sideways into the shell.
These turtles are found in tributaries and large lakes of South America’s Amazon Basin. During flood season, they made venture into flooded forests or floodplain lakes. They feed on fruits, weeds, fish, and small invertebrates.
The females lay two clutches of eggs each year, each with 4 to 35 eggs in it. They make their nests in sandy areas on the banks of rivers where the eggs will hatch 66 to 159 days after they are laid. The eggs are laid at the peak of dry season so that the nest will not be washed away with the floods of the rainy season.
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